Securing Industrial Control Systems with Hardware ‘Fingerprints’
A novel security framework leverages the unique characteristics of physically unclonable functions to authenticate sensor data and protect critical infrastructure from faults and malicious intrusion.
![The proposed quadratic residue diffusion (QRD) scheme demonstrates performance sensitivity to both rotational angle θ and power split β, operating with a photon count of [latex]N = 80[/latex] per symbol and suggesting inherent limitations in achieving consistent signal fidelity across all parameter configurations.](https://arxiv.org/html/2601.18655v1/x3.png)

