Science – Page 80 – Investment Policy

Squeezing More Logic from Qubits

11.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

$The attempted suppression of hook error propagation within a densely packed surface code—achieved through meticulous gate scheduling—reveals an inherent limitation: even localized regions susceptible to logical-direction error propagation ($ \rightarrow $), despite representing only a fraction of the total system, foreshadow the inevitable emergence of systemic failure as the code scales.$

New techniques dramatically reduce the physical qubit overhead for fault-tolerant quantum computing with surface codes.

Encoding Logic with Quantum Error Correction

11.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

A new approach utilizes high-rate quantum LDPC codes to enable efficient, addressable gate-based computation.

Quantum Computing’s Flexible Future: ReQISC Redefines Control

11.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

ReQISC establishes a system for engineering arbitrary SU(4) gates through a time-optimal microarchitecture and a three-stage compilation framework, ultimately expressing this functionality via the {Can, U3} gate set—a foundational step towards programmable quantum computation.

A new full-stack framework promises to optimize quantum computations by tightly integrating hardware and software design.

Beyond Qubits: Encoding More Information in Quantum Systems

11.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

A logical qudit encoding—as demonstrated by the required Hilbert space—offers a potentially more efficient pathway to fault-tolerant quantum computation compared to conventional methods mapping information onto multiple logical qubits, a benefit that scales with qudit dimension and codeword distance.

A new approach to quantum error correction leverages ‘qudits’ – quantum units beyond simple 0 or 1 – to dramatically improve resource efficiency.

Shielding Quantum Signals from Noise

11.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

A new approach to quantum error correction promises to safeguard fragile quantum information from both thermal and environmental disturbances.

Terahertz Quantum Security: A New Wireless Frontier

11.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

Within a 3x3 MIMO configuration utilizing the CVMDI protocol and phase modulation, Alice and Bob decompose the original multiple-input multiple-output channel into parallel single-input single-output channels via transmit and receive beamforming, enabling communication across a terahertz wireless channel subject to free-space propagation and associated noise variances.

Researchers demonstrate a secure quantum communication system operating at Terahertz frequencies, paving the way for high-bandwidth, unhackable wireless networks.

Scaling the Quantum Frontier: Meet Helios

10.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

Within the Helios 2D surface trap, ninety-eight atomic ions—arranged in a quincunx—become visible only when coaxed into resonance by laser light, a demonstration of how even the most fundamental particles yield their secrets only through carefully calibrated interaction, and betray the hand of the physicist who designed the trap itself.

A 98-qubit trapped-ion processor pushes the limits of quantum computation with a novel architecture and robust performance.

Entangled Futures: Securing Communication with Quantum States

10.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

Entanglement, initially distributed among three parties, gracefully degrades with each measurement, shifting the locus of the reconstructed state—first from a shared resource, then narrowed between pairs, and ultimately localized to a single party, demonstrating the inevitable concentration of information as a system relinquishes its interconnectedness.

This review explores how shared quantum entanglement can enable fundamentally secure communication protocols and advanced information transfer techniques.

Quantum Networks Take Flight: Adapting to a Changing Sky

10.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

The methodology layers environmental awareness and adaptive intelligence into a routing system, establishing fidelity and trust recovery as essential components for navigating inherent uncertainties.

A new framework dynamically optimizes entanglement distribution in satellite quantum networks, overcoming challenges posed by orbital mechanics and atmospheric turbulence.

Superposition Sheds Light on Loss in Quantum Sensing

10.11.2025 by Ray Dalio

A refined quantum illumination scheme addresses the vulnerability to bit flip errors by simultaneously measuring both expected and displaced signal paths, thereby enhancing robustness and recovering potentially lost information on the control qubit.

Exploiting quantum superposition can significantly improve the performance of quantum illumination in noisy environments.